How can all dropdown options from a product's property be passed in a filtering list?

Good morning!
So the function you are looking for would be the crm_property_definitions hubl function which you can read more about here: HubL functions - HubSpot docs
This will return a dynamic list of all available options in the properties you designate when declaring it and will update as the dropdown options change.
Let me know if you have any further questions!
Dan